Working remotely
has become routine for many of us, which means that it's more essential than ever to secure your online accounts with strong passwords. But it can be a challenge to memorize dozens and dozens of passwords, and it's downright dangerous to use the same old password over and over.
If you find yourself consistently getting locked out of one online account or another because you're drawing a blank when you try to log in, it's time to consider a
password manager
, which can help you seamlessly oversee and handle all your login credentials while maintaining password security. They're also handy for autofilling forms and syncing your data across Windows PCs and Macs,
iPhones
,
iPads
,
Android phones
and more.
A password manager is essentially an encrypted digital vault that stores secure password login information you use to access apps and accounts on your mobile device, websites and other services. In addition to keeping your identity, credentials and sensitive data safe, the best password manager also has a password generator to create strong,
unique passwords
and ensure you aren't using the same password in multiple places (password generation really comes in clutch when you can't come up with yet another unique password on the fly for the latest must-have iOS app). With all the recent news of security breaches and identity theft, having a unique password for each location can go a long way to ensuring that if one site gets hacked, your stolen password can't be used on other sites. You're basically using multiple passwords to create your own security features.
Read more:
The guide to password security (and why you should care)
Plus, with a manager, you don't have to remember the various pieces of login information, such as shipping addresses and credit card information. With just one master password, or in some cases a PIN or your fingerprint, you can autofill a form or password field. Some also feature online storage and an encrypted vault for storing documents.
All our best password manager picks come in free versions, which typically let you securely store passwords for one device -- although our pick for the best free manager can currently be used for syncing across multiple devices -- and all handle hardware authentication through
YubiKey
. Our best password manager picks also feature subscription options that let you sync your secure password login information across devices, share credentials with trusted family and friends, and get access to secure online storage. And if transparency is important to you, several of our picks are open-source projects. We also look at what a password manager is and the basics of how to use one.
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Note that these password manager services are independently chosen by our editors. We'll be updating this story periodically as new options become available. In light of our top choice's recent pricing change, we may be reconsidering the order in the near future, and will update this story accordingly.
Bitwarden: Best free password manager
Sarah Tew/CNET
Open-source, secure and transparent
Free version can be used across unlimited devices
Premium subscriptions start at $10 per year
Works with: Windows, MacOS, Linux, Android, iPhone and iPad. Browser extensions for Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge, Opera, Vivaldi, Brave and Tor.
Bitwarden leads the list of the best password managers for 2021 thanks to both its open-source roots and its unbeatable -- and unlimited -- free version. This lean encryption software can generate, store and automatically fill your passwords across all of your devices and popular browsers -- including Brave and Tor -- with competitive security strength.
Its free version lacks some of the bells and whistles of our other picks, but its premium versions are just as feature-rich. Just like its closest competitors, a Bitwarden premium subscription allows you to share passwords, logins, memberships and other items with trusted family and friends, use multifactor authentication through YubiKey and get 1 gigabyte of encrypted storage. Although it has fewer features than the premium version, Bitwarden's free version also offers a one-to-one texting feature called Bitwarden Send which allows you to securely share login information with another person.
If you're looking for a user-friendly free service with an excellent security reputation, it's hard to pass up Bitwarden, which made it into
CNET's Cheapskate Hall of Fame
as the
best free password manager
. Plus it has a password-sharing feature so you can share all your login info with another person. For $10 a year, you can add 1GB of encrypted file storage. And for $12 a year, five family members or friends can share login information. Both subscription tiers come with a 30-day money back guarantee.
Read our Bitwarden review
.
See at Bitwarden
LastPass: Best paid password manager
Sarah Tew/CNET
Offers free version
Base price beyond free: $36 per year
Works with: Windows, MacOS, Linux, Android, iPhone and iPad. Browser extensions for Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Internet Explorer, Edge and Opera.
The free version of
LastPass
once made it stand out as the best password manager in this category by giving you the ability to store passwords, user login info and credentials and sync all of it wherever you want across both your mobile devices or your browsers. And while you can currently view and manage passwords across mobile and desktop devices,
as of March 16
, you'll have to choose to use the free version for either mobile or desktop.
That means if you choose mobile, you'll be able to access your LastPass account across your phones, tablets or smartwatches, but not on your laptop -- unless you upgrade to Premium, for $36 a year, or Families, for $48 a year.
The Premium version of the password manager also allows you to share passwords, logins, memberships and other items with trusted family and friends, use multifactor authentication through
YubiKey
and get 1 gigabyte of encrypted storage. Meanwhile, the Families plan gives you six individual accounts, shared folders and a dashboard for managing the family accounts and keeping an eye on your account's security.
No, LastPass isn't flawless: A
vulnerability privately reported
in September 2019 was a scary flaw that could potentially compromise passwords. But the company patched it before it was known to be exploited in the wild. It was one of several vulnerabilities that have been discovered in LastPass over the years.
More recently, however, privacy concerns emerged around LastPass's Android app when a privacy advocacy project
discovered seven web trackers
within the mobile app.
In light of these privacy concerns and LastPass's new restrictions on its free-tier service, we're currently in the process of reevaluating LastPass's rank in our list of top password managers.
Read our LastPass review
.
See at LastPass
Read more:
LastPass vs. 1Password: How the two popular password managers stack up in 2021
1Password: Best paid password manager for multiple platforms
Jason Cipriani/CNET
Offers trial version
Base price: $35.88 per year
Works with: Windows, MacOS, Linux, Chrome OS, Android, iPhone and iPad. Browser extensions for Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge and Opera.
If you're looking for a trusted password manager app to keep your login information private and secure, 1Password is the best password manager for the task, letting you access your accounts and services with one master password. It's available for all major device platforms.
This nicely designed password manager lacks a free version, but you can check it out for 14 days before signing up. (Alas, that's down from the earlier 30-day trial period.) An individual subscription runs $36 a year and comes with 1GB of document storage and optional two factor authentication through Yubikey for additional security. A travel mode lets you remove your 1Password sensitive data from your device when you travel and then restore it with one easy click when you return, so that it's not vulnerable to border checks.
On Macs, you can use Touch ID to unlock 1Password, and on iOS devices you can use Face ID as well. For $60 a year, you can cover a family of five, sharing passwords, credit cards and anything else among the group with a single password manager app. Each person gets their own vault, and it's easy to control who you share information with and what they can do with it.
You can also create separate guest accounts for password sharing to share Wi-Fi connection passwords, for example, or home alarm codes with guests.
See at 1Password
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Other free and paid options worth considering
Bitwarden, LastPass and 1Password are solid, affordable (or free) password keepers, and in a straw poll of CNET staffers, they were about neck-and-neck in use. But if you find none of our three recommended password managers works quite how you want, a handful of other apps are worth considering. These all have free versions available.
Dashlane
Dashlane
Offers limited free version (50 passwords on one device)
Base price beyond free: $59.88 per year
Works with: Windows, MacOS, Android, iPhone and iPad. Browser extensions for Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Internet Explorer, Edge and Opera.
Dashlane provides a simple and secure way to manage your passwords and keep other login information stored. Just for managing passwords, we like it as much as our picks, but the free Dashlane app limits you to one device and 50 passwords. The $60 Premium subscription is similar to plans from 1Password and LastPass. The $120 Premium Plus annual subscription adds credit and ID-theft monitoring.
See at Dashlane
Keeper
Keeper
Offers limited free version (unlimited passwords on one device)
Base price beyond free: $35
Works with: Windows, MacOS, Linux, Android, iPhone and iPad. Browser extensions for Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Internet Explorer, Edge and Opera.
Keeper is another secure password manager that helps you manage login info on Windows, MacOS, Android and
iOS
devices. A free version gives you unlimited password storage on one device. The step-up version costs $35 a year and lets you sync passwords across multiple device options. For around $45 a year, you can get 10GB of secure file storage.
See at Keeper
KeePassXC
KeePass
It's free
Donations accepted
Works with: Windows, MacOS, Linux, Chrome OS, Android, iPhone and iPad,
BlackBerry
, Windows Phone and Palm OS. Access via the web plus popular browser extensions. (Except for the official Windows version, KeePass for other platforms are unofficial ports.)
KeePass, another open-source software password manager, started on Windows and has been ported using the same code base to other platforms, including MacOS, Android and iOS. On the plus side, it's totally free and endorsed by
the Electronic Frontier Foundation
. On the other hand, it's really for advanced users only: Its user interface takes a bit of fiddling to get all the independently built versions of KeePass to work together.
See at KeePass
What about NordPass and Norton Password Manager?
There's been a shift in the market for
VPN
and antivirus software in recent months. Many of the companies behind these software packages are expanding them to become wider software suites. For instance:
NordVPN
now offers NordPass, a dedicated password manager, and Norton now offers a Norton Password Manager as part of its antivirus and identity theft packages. We haven't specifically reviewed these, if only because they don't yet appear to have a feature set or pricing option that beats any of our preferred options above. If and when that changes, we'll check them out in more detail.
See At NordPass
See at Norton
Password manager basics
Still need more info on what password managers are, and why they're better than the alternatives? Read on.
How does a password manager work?
To get started, a password manager will record the username and password you use when you first sign in to a website or service. Then the next time you visit the website, it will autofill forms with your saved password login information. For those websites and services that don't allow automatic filling, a password manager lets you copy the password to paste into the password field.
If you're stuck picking a good password, a manager can generate a strong password for you and watch that you aren't
reusing it across multiple services
. And if you use more than one device, you want a manager that is available across all your devices and browsers, so you can access your passwords and login information -- including credit-card and shipping information -- from anywhere through the manager app or its browser extension. Some provide secure storage so you can store other items too, such as documents or an electronic copy of your passport or will.
Take note: Many password managers keep the master password you use to unlock the manager locally and not on a remote server. Or if it's on a server, it's encrypted and not readable by the company.
This ensures your account stays secure in case of a data breach. It also means that if you forget your master password, there may not be a way to recover your account through the company. Because of that, a few password managers offer DIY kits to help you recover your account on your own. Worst-case scenario, you start over with a new password manager account and then reset and save passwords for all your accounts and apps.
Read more:
This is how we might finally replace passwords
What makes for a secure password?
When trying to avoid a weak password, a good password should be a long string of capital and lowercase letters, numbers, punctuation and other nonalphanumeric characters -- something that's difficult for others to guess, but a snap for a password manager to keep track of. And despite what you may have heard, once you select a good password or passphrase,
you don't really need to change it periodically.
Can I use a web browser to manage my passwords and login information?
You can certainly use Chrome, Safari or Firefox to manage your passwords, addresses and other login data. You can even set up a master password to unlock your credentials within a browser. And while using an online browser's password tool is certainly better than not using a password keeper at all, you can't easily access your passwords and other login info outside of the browser or share login info with others you trust.
What about iCloud Keychain?
Through iCloud Keychain, you can access your Safari website usernames and passwords, credit card information and Wi-Fi network information from your Mac and iOS devices. It's great if you live in
Apple's
world. But if you venture outside and have a Windows or Android device or use the Google Chrome or Firefox browser, iCloud Keychain comes up short.
David Gewirtz contributed to this story.
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